El pulpo de aguas profundas incuba sus huevos durante más de cuatro años

Científicos de EE UU han descubierto un pulpo que incuba sus huevos durante 4,5 años. El cefalópodo fue hallado en aguas de California a 1.400 metros de profundidad. Los investigadores creen que este largo periodo tiene por objetivo lograr crías bien desarrolladas que puedan hacer frente a los rigores del hábitat de las profundidades.

Un equipo, liderado por el Instituto de Investigación del Acuario de Bahía de Monterrey (EE UU), ha descubierto un pulpo que incuba sus huevos durante 4,5 años en aguas profundas de California. El estudio, publicado en el último número de la revista Plos One, indica que este hecho se debe a la necesidad de lograr crías bien desarrolladas que puedan sobrevivir en un medio hostil.

Los pulpos tienen un solo periodo reproductivo durante toda su vida en el que las hembras cuidan de los huevos hasta que eclosionan. Los de aguas superficiales los incuban durante uno a tres meses, pero se sabe muy poco sobre la crianza de las especies que habitan en aguas profundas.

1.400 metros de profundidad

Los autores utilizaron un vehículo de control remoto para monitorizar el cañón submarino de Monterrey (en California) y en mayo de 2007 descubrieron un pulpo de aguas profundas en el fondo marino, en torno a 1.400 metros de profundidad.

Cuando volvieron poco después, hallaron el mismo pulpo sobre la roca incubando una puesta de huevos adheridos. Los científicos regresaron al lugar 18 veces más en 53 meses para vigilar el desarrollo de los huevos y medir la duración de su período de crianza desde su inicio.

Este largo periodo tiene el objetivo de lograr crías bien desarrolladas que puedan hacer frente a los rigores del hábitat de las profundidades
Cada vez que los investigadores volvían, hallaron al mismo pulpo pegado a la pared de roca vertical con los tentáculos cubriendo sus huevos. El crecimiento continuo de los huevos llevó a los científicos a la conclusión de que se trataba de la misma puesta todo el tiempo.
En total, fueron alrededor de 160 huevos incubados desde la primera observación en mayo de 2007. Lo que suman 53 meses (casi 4,5 años). Según los autores, se trata del período de incubación más largo jamás visto en cualquier especie.
Buena crianza
Dado que estos resultados son específicos de la observación de un período de cría de un pulpo, los científicos señalan que tal vez no sean extensibles para todas las criaturas de aguas profundas.
“Cuando se compara con el conocimiento que se tiene de la crianza de las especies de aguas superficiales, vemos lo poco que sabemos acerca de las especies de las profundidades y la necesidad de realizar más estudios”, señala Bruce Robinson, autor principal del trabajo.

Para Robinson, “estos sorprendentes resultados ponen de relieve la importancia de la de un buen cuidado de los progenitores en la producción de crías bien desarrolladas que puedan hacer frente a los rigores del hábitat de aguas profundas”.

Debido a que el período de cría depende de la temperatura, “los resultados también proporcionan una advertencia sobre las posibles consecuencias del cambio climático”, concluye.

Referencia bibliográfica:

Bruce Robison, Brad Seibel, Jeffrey Drazen. “Deep-Sea Octopus (Graneledone boreopacifica) Conducts the Longest-Known Egg-Brooding Period of Any Animal” Plos One doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103437
Fuente SINC
Saludos

Interesante aporte me es increíble que una criatura posea la capacidad de tener a sus crías en una abismal profundidad me supongo se desarrollan rápido por las aguas ricas en oxígeno y nutrientes.

Saludos

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